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properties between the tube and the adhesive, which is un-
usual. Both are whitish with gray horizontal features—and
the dividing line between the tube and adhesive cannot be
discerned. The black line at the bottom of the image is the
surface of the metal rod, but the interface between the ad-
hesive and plastic is hard to distinguish.
This test was looking for air bubbles that could reduce
the strength of the adhesive in this critical application. The
red-black features toward the bottom of the Q-BAM image
are air bubbles. The interface between the adhesive and the
plastic, although acoustically invisible, probably lies just
above the bubbles.
An acoustic cross-sectional image generally does not
display the texture or color of the materials as they would
appear optically, but it has advantages (in addition to its
nondestructive properties) over optical imaging. The very
strong reflection of gap-type features is unchanged even if
the gap is as thin as 0.01 µm. In physical cross-sections,
such thin gaps may fill in with polishing material and be-
come optically invisible.
Acoustic sectioning also permits meaningful analysis
of internal features, which can then be used as a guide for
subsequent physical sectioning. Instead of guessing the
best location for sectioning, the acoustic (and planar) im-
ages show the precise location of internal features. If de-
sired, a sequence of acoustic sections can be made along
parallel surface lines to produce a slide show of internal
features, including defects, from one end of the sample to
the other.
For more information: Tom Adams is a consultant for
Sonoscan Inc., 2149 E. Pratt Blvd., Elk Grove Village, IL 60007,
847.437.6400, , .
ADVANCED MATERIALS & PROCESSES • OCTOBER 2014 27
Planar view
Cross-section
Fig. 5 — Planar view (top) shows x-y locations of air bubbles in
a polymer adhesive; cross-section (bottom) shows depths of
bubbles in a line across the lower edge of the planar view.
STATEMENT OF OWNERSHIP, MANAGEMENT, CIRCULATION, ETC.
Required by the Act of 23 October 1962, Section 4369, Title 39, United States Code, showing the ownership, management,
and circulation of Advanced Materials & Processes®, published monthly, except bimonthly November/December, at 9639
Kinsman Road, Materials Park, Ohio 44073, USPS # 762-080. Annual subscription rate is $461.
The publisher and editor are Scott D. Henry and Frances Richards, respectively, both of 9639 Kinsman Road, Materials Park,
Ohio, 44073. The owner is ASM International®, Materials Park, Ohio, which is a not-for-profit educational institution, the of-
ficers being; President and Trustee, C. Ravi Ravindran; Vice President and Trustee, Sunniva R. Collins; Secretary and Man-
aging Director, Thomas S. Passek; Treasurer and Trustee, Robert J. Fulton; Immediate Past President and Trustee, Gernant
E. Maurer; Trustees, Jeffrey A. Hawk, William J. Lenling, Linda S. Schadler, Iver Anderson, Mitchell Dorfman, James C. Foley,
Jacqueline M. Earle, John R. Keough, and Zi-Kui Liu; Student Board Members Virginia K. Judge, Anthony Lombardi, and
Myrissa N. Maxfield. There are no known bondholders, mortgagees, and other security holders owning or holding 1% or more
of the total amount of bonds, mortgages, or other securities.
The issue date for circulation data below is September 2014. The average number of copies of each issue during the pre-
ceding 12 months is: (a) Total number of copies printed: 14,381; (b) Paid and/or requested circulation: (1) Paid/requested out-
side-county mail subscriptions: 11,710; (2) Paid in-county subscriptions: 0; (3) Sales through dealers and carriers, street
vendors, counter sales, and other non-USPS paid distribution: 1,458; (4) other classes mailed through the USPS: 0; (c) Total
paid and/or requested circulation: 13,168; (d.1) Free distribution or nominal outside-county: 574; (d.3) Free distribution by mail:
610; (e) Total free distribution: 1,184; (f) Total distribution: 14,352; (g) Copies not distributed: 454; (h) Total: 14,806; (i) Percent
paid: 92. The actual number of copies of single issue published nearest to filing date is: (a) Total number of copies printed:
13,410; (b) Paid and/or requested circulation: (1) Paid/requested outside-county mail subscriptions: 10,922; (2) Paid in-county
subscriptions: 0; (3) Sales through dealers and carriers, street vendors, counter sales, and other non-USPS paid distribution:
1,331; (4) other classes mailed through the USPS: 0; (c) Total paid and/or requested circulation: 12,253; (d.1) Free distribu-
tion or nominal outside-county: 555; (d.3) Free distribution by mail: 590; (e) Total free distribution: 1,145; (f) Total distribution:
13,398; (g) Copies not distributed: 478; (h) Total: 13,877; (i) Percent paid: 91.
I certify that the statements made by me above are correct and complete.
Scott D. Henry
Publisher