ADVANCED MATERIALS & PROCESSES | NOVEMBER/DECEMBER 2025 22 Fig. 4 — Locations of many ancient Iranian burial sites. The Deh Dumen site has a blue background and the nine others from which sampled artifacts came have yellow backgrounds. Fig. 5 — Two vessels recovered from the Deh Dumen burial site. These are primarily tin bronzes, but D.P. 287 has an arsenical copper base. Samples for chemical analyses were taken from the vessel body of D.P. 283 and the base of D.P. 287[3]. and acquisition via long-distance trade, for example tin and copper[6,10]. Finally, a contextual aspect that has seldom been considered is the influence of belief systems and ritual behavior on ancient mining and metal production, particularly during regional Bronze Ages[15-17]. An improved assessment of this topic requires inter- linked studies between archaeometallurgists, socio-cultural archaeologists, and anthropologists[17]. ~AM&P For more information: Russell Wanhill, Emmeloord, the Netherlands, rjhwanhill @gmail.com; Omid Oudbashi, associate professor, University of Gothenburg, Sweden, omid.oudbashi@yahoo.com. References 1. F. Göbel, Über den Einfluß der Chemie auf die Ermittlung der Völker der Vorzeit oder Resultate der chemischen Untersuchung metallischer Alterhümer, insbesondere der in den Ostseegouvernements vorkommenden, behufs der Ermittlung der Völker, von welchen sie abstammen [On the Influence of Chemistry in Identifying Prehistoric Peoples, or Results of Chemical Analyses of Metallic Antiquities, especially from the Baltic Region, to Determine Who Made Them], 38 pages, Ferdinand Enke Verlag, Erlangen, Germany, 1842. 2. E. Pernicka, Provenance Determi- nation of Archaeological Metal Objects, Chapter 11 in: B.W. Roberts and C.P. Thornton, (Eds.), Archaeometallurgy in Global Perspective, Springer Science+ Business Media, New York, p 239-268, 2014. 3. O. Oudbashi, V. Renson, and R. Naseri, Lead Isotope Analysis of Bronze Age Copper Alloy Objects from Deh Dumen Graveyard, Southwestern Iran, Archaeological and Anthropological Sciences, 15(2), 2023, doi.org/10.1007/ s12520-022-01697-x. 4. E. Balliana, et al., Copper and Tin Isotopic Analysis of Ancient Bronzes for Archaeological Investigation: Develop- ment and Validation of a Suitable Analytical Methodology, Analytical and Bioanalytical Chemistry, 405(9), p 29732986, 2012. 5. D. Berger, et al., Identifying Mixtures of Metals by Multi-isotope Analysis: Disentangling the Relationships of the Early Bronze Age Swords of the Apa‒ Hajdúsámson Type and Associated Objects, Archaeometry, 64(S1), p 44-74, 2022. 6. D. Berger, et al., The Rise of Bronze in Central Asia: New Evidence for the Origin of Bronze Age Tin and Copper from Multi-analytical Research, Frontiers in Earth Science, 11, p 1224873, 2023, doi.org/10.3389/feart.2023.1224873. 7. R.S. Houk and J.J. Thompson, Inductively Coupled Plasma Mass Spectrometry, Mass Spectrometry Reviews, 7(4), p 425-461, 1988, doi.org/ 10.1002/mas.1280070404. GET ENGAGED, GET INVOLVED, GET CONNECTED The ASM Archaeometallurgy Committee is an active group of ASM members with interest and experience in the study and characterization of historic metals and artifacts. Committee projects include developing special journal issues and organizing IMAT conference programming. Members with similar interests are welcome to join. For more information, contact staff liaison Scott Henry, scott.henry@asminternational.org.
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