ADVANCED MATERIALS & PROCESSES | MARCH 2025 16 References 1. S.J. Zinkle and G.S. Was, Materials Challenges in Nuclear Energy, Acta Materialia, 61(3), p 735-758, 2013. 2. T.-L. Sham, et al., A709 Qualification Plan Update and Mechanical Properties Data Assessment, Idaho National Lab, Idaho Falls, ID (United States), 2022. 3. R.N. Wright, Updated Draft ASME Boiler and Pressure Vessel Code Case for use of Alloy 617 for Construction of Nuclear Components for Section III Division 5, Idaho National Lab, Idaho Falls, ID (United States), 2018. 4. W.J. Sames, et al., The Metallurgy and Processing Science of Metal Additive Manufacturing, International Materials Reviews, 61(5), p 315-360, 2016. 5. M. Messner, et al., ASME Code Qualification Plan for LPBF 316 SS, Argonne National Laboratory, Argonne, IL (United States), 2023. 6. M. Li, et al., Advanced Materials and Manufacturing Technologies 2022 Roadmap, Argonne National Lab, Argonne, IL (United States), 2022. 7. L. Scime, et al., Diagnostic and Predictive Capabilities of the TCR Digital Platform, 2021. 8. H.C. Hyer and C.M. Petrie, Effect of Powder Layer Thickness on the Microstructural Development of Additively Manufactured SS316, Journal of Manufacturing Processes, 76, p 666-674, 2022. 9. L. Scime, et al., A Data-Driven Framework for Direct Local Tensile Property Prediction of Laser Powder Bed Fusion Parts, Materials, 16(23) p 7293, 2023. 10. L. Scime, et al., Layer-wise Anomaly Detection and Classification for Powder Bed Additive Manufacturing Processes: A Machine-agnostic Algorithm for Realtime Pixel-wise Semantic Segmentation, Additive Manufacturing, 36, p 101453, 2020. 11. Z. Snow, et al., Observation of Spatter-induced Stochastic Lack-offusion in Laser Powder Bed Fusion using In Situ Process Monitoring, Additive Manufacturing, 61, p 103298, 2023. 12. J. Liu and P. Wen, Metal Vaporization and Its Influence during Laser Powder Bed Fusion Process, Materials & Design, 21,(5) p 110505, 2022. 13. S. Dryepondt, et al., Microstructure and Mechanical Properties of Ni-based Alloys Fabricated by Laser Powder Bed Fusion, Advances in Materials Technology for Power Plants, ASM International, p. 159-170, 2024. 14. S. Dryepondt, et al., Prioritization of Existing Reactor Materials, Oak Ridge National Laboratory, Oak Ridge, TN (United States), 2023. 15. A. Ziabari, et al., Enabling Rapid X-ray CT Characterisation for Additive Manufacturing using CAD Models and Deep Learning-based Reconstruction, npj Computational Materials, 9(1), p 91, 2023. density of spatter particles, farther from the Ar shroud inlet. Consequently, samples from this region exhibited reduced creep life compared to those fabricated closer to the inlet. XCT enabled tracking of void growth during creep testing, while microscopy revealed that both LOF voids and creep cavitation contributed to crack nucleation. This combination of techniques offers a valuable framework for evaluating the quality of AM components and assessing their long-term performance. ~AM&P Acknowledgments This work was supported by the Advanced Materials and Manufacturing Technologies Program of the U.S. Department of Energy’s Office of Nuclear Energy. The Ni282 was fabricated at the Manufacturing Demonstration Facility at Oak Ridge National Laboratory. This manuscript has been authored by UT-Battelle, LLC, under contract DE-AC05-00OR22725 with the U.S. Department of Energy (DOE). The U.S. government retains and the publisher, by accepting the article for publication, acknowledges that the U.S. government retains a nonexclusive, paid-up, irrevocable, worldwide license to publish or reproduce the published form of this manuscript, or allow others to do so, for U.S. government purposes. DOE will provide public access to these results of federally sponsored research in accordance with the DOE Public Access Plan (http://energy.gov/downloads/doe- public-access-plan). For more information: Holden Hyer, R&D associate, Oak Ridge National Laboratory, 1 Bethel Valley Rd. Oak Ridge, TN 37830, 865.341.1049, hyerhc@ornl. gov, ornl.gov.
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