ADVANCED MATERIALS & PROCESSES | NOVEMBER/DECEMBER 2024 22 from the vase show both intergranular and transgranular SCC (Fig. 3). SCC IN ANCIENT BRONZES Figure 4 shows the remains of two Persian ancient tin-bronze vessels that contain SCC damage[20]. These artifacts come from different excavation sites, Baba Jilan and Sangtarashan, and are of similar antiquity. Although difficult to examine fractographically due to post-cracking general corrosion, evidence was obtained for intergranular and transgranular SCC (Fig. 5). CONCLUSION More information on stress corrosion cracking in the artifacts mentioned in this article is provided in Refs. 17-20, including considerations of the likely mechanisms and causes of the requisite stresses. Time and experience have shown that Floyd Brown was on the right track[15]. SCC indeed has an ancient history that spans at least two millennia. ~AM&P Acknowledgment Dr. B. Floyd Brown (1920-1981) was an eminent corrosion specialist and ASM Fellow, with a long career at the U.S. Naval Research Laboratory. His interest in archaeometallurgy is reflected in his editorship of the landmark NBS Special Publication 479, Corrosion and Metal Artifacts–A Dialogue Between Conservators and Archaeologists and Corrosion Scientists, National Bureau of Standards, July 1977. For more information: Russell Wanhill, Emmeloord, the Netherlands, rjhwanhill @gmail.com; Omid Oudbashi, associate professor, University of Gothenburg, Sweden, omid.oudbashi@yahoo.com. References 1. S.A. Shipilov, Stress Corrosion Cracking and Corrosion Fatigue: A Record of Progress, 1873-1973, Environ- ment-Induced Cracking of Materials, Volume 1: Chemistry, Mechanics and Mechanisms, S.A. Shipilov, et al., (Eds.), Elsevier Science, p 507-557, 2007. 2. A.R. Bailey, The Stress-cracking of Brass, Int. Mater. Rev., 6(1), p 101-141, 1961. 3. R.C. Newman and R.P.M. Procter, Stress Corrosion Cracking: 1965-1990, Br. Corros. J., 25(4), p 259-270, 1990. 4. W.C. Roberts-Austin, On Certain Properties Common to Fluids and Solid Metals, Proc. Roy. Inst. Great Brit., 11, p 395-412, 1886. 5. L. Graf and J. Budke, The Problem of Stress Corrosion of Homogeneous Solid Solutions III. Dependence of the Stress Corrosion Susceptibility of Copper-gold and Silver-gold Solid Solutions on the Gold Content and the Relationship with the “Solid Solution Effect,” Zeitschrift für Metallkunde, 46, p 378-385, 1955. 6. E.N. Pugh, E.V. Craig, and A.J. Sedriks, The Stress-corrosion Cracking of Copper, Silver and Gold Alloys, Proceedings of Conference: Fundamental Aspects of Stress Corrosion Cracking, R.W. Staehle, A.J. Forty, and D. van Rooyen (Eds.), National Association of Corrosion Engineers, Houston, TX 77218, p 111-158, 1969. 7. R.M. Latanision and R.W. Staehle, Stress Corrosion of Fe-Ni-Cr Alloys, Proceedings of Conference: Fundamental Aspects of Stress Corrosion Cracking, R.W. Staehle, A.J. Forty, and D. van Rooyen (Eds.), National Association of Corrosion Engineers, Houston, TX 77218, p 214-307, 1969. 8. A. Atrens, et al., Stress Corrosion Cracking (SCC) of Magnesium (Mg) Alloys, Corrosion of Magnesium Alloys, G.L. Song (Ed.), Woodhead Publishing Ltd., Cambridge, UK, p 299-364, 2011. 9. R.B. Rebak, Stress Corrosion Cracking (SCC) of Nickel-based Alloys, Stress Corrosion Cracking: Theory and Practice, V.S. Raja and T. Shoji (Eds.), Woodhead Publishing Ltd., Cambridge, UK, p 273-306, 2011. 10. L.J. Korb, Corrosion in the Aerospace Industry, Corrosion, Volume 13, Metals Handbook, Ninth Edition, ASM International, Materials Park, OH 44073, p 1058-1106, 1987. 11. R. Wanhill and M. Windisch, Corrosion and Stress Corrosion Testing of Aerospace Vehicle Structural Alloys, Springer International Publishing AG, Cham, Switzerland, 2018. 12. S.P. Lynch, Mechanistic and Fractographic Aspects of Stress- corrosion Cracking (SCC), Stress GET ENGAGED, GET INVOLVED, GET CONNECTED The ASM Archaeometallurgy Committee is an active group of ASM members with interest and experience in the study and characterization of historic metals and artifacts. Committee projects include developing a special journal issue and organizing IMAT conference programming. Members with similar interests are welcome to join. For more information, contact staff liaison Scott Henry, scott.henry@asminternational.org. Fig. 5 — Fractographic and metallographic examples of (left) intergranular (IG), (center) transgranular (TG), and (right) both TG and SCC from the tin-bronze vessel fragments shown in Fig. 4. The red arrows point to local breakages of a post-SCC corrosion film covering the grain facets; the blue arrow points to a block of TG SCC inside a large intergranular crack and the blue encircled region is TG SCC.
RkJQdWJsaXNoZXIy MTYyMzk3NQ==