May_June_2022_AMP_Digital

A D V A N C E D M A T E R I A L S & P R O C E S S E S | M A Y / J U N E 2 0 2 2 2 1 and have reduced fossil CO2 emissions by 46% since 1990 (Fig. 2). Today they use 100% fossil-free energy sources and products are made of 85 to 98% recycled material. Step 2: Make real changes. During the Climate Neutral Week, the company replaced liquefied natural gas (LNG) with fossil-free liquefied biomethane gas (LBG), and all internal transportation ran on fossil-free electricity or 100% share of HVO100 (biodiesel). These measures led to a significant reduction of up to 90% of fossil CO2 emissions. Step 3: Climate compensation. The remaining 10% of emissions consist of carbon in scrap metal and graphite electrodes used for the melting process at the EAF. As of today, there are no fossil-free replacements. The company compensates for this 10% with Gold Standard certificates in accordance with the United Nations sustainability goals. FUTURE OUTLOOK Work is already in progress to analyze and quantify the carbon footprint for each of the company’s products. The purpose of this work is to monitor the areas where the steel manufacturer can contribute the most to reducing the carbon footprint. This analysis describes what activities should be done first in order to have the greatest effect, and also in what direction they shouldmove to develop more sustainable tool steels that meet customer demands. These studies identify indirect greenhouse gas emissions in the upstream supply chain of the purchased materials, direct emissions from processes and the production of the tool steels, and downstream on the treatment of waste and wastewater. Carbon reporting generally follows the GHG (Green House Gas) Protocol, which divides emissions into three scopes as shown in Fig. 3. While Scope 1 and 2 emissions are compulsory to report, Scope 3 emissions are voluntary and the most challenging to monitor. Scope 1 greenhouse gas emissions are emissions that come directly from a company and its controlled entities. Companies interested in reducing their Scope 1 emissions tend to focus on improving their energy efficiency and transitioning their transportation fleet toward electric vehicles. Uddeholm is already using 100% fossil-free electricity and over 50% of Uddeholm’s internal transports are fossil-free. Scope 2 greenhouse gas emissions are emissions that come indirectly from Fig. 2 — Since the 1960s Uddeholm has used an electric arc furnace for its melting process, and reduced fossil CO2 emissions by 46% since 1990. Fig. 3 — The company followed the Green House Gas Protocol, which divides emissions into three scopes.

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