Feb_March_AMP_Digital

A D V A N C E D M A T E R I A L S & P R O C E S S E S | F E B R U A R Y / M A R C H 2 0 2 0 2 8 ary 2016, https://www2.deloitte.com /us/en/insights/focus/industry-4-0/ manufacturing-ecosystems-exploring- world-connected-enterprises.html. WHAT IS INDUSTRY 4.0? Internet of Things (IoT), real-time optimization, machine learning, data analytics, and artificial intel- ligence: All of these concepts fall under the umbrella of Industry 4.0 and are predicted to revolutionize the way organizations function. Researchers at Deloitte de- scribe Industry 4.0 as an ongoing cycle, called a physi- cal-digital-physical (PDP) loop [1] , where real-time access to data and intelligence is driven by the continuous and cyclical flow of information and actions between the physical and digital worlds (Table 1). Karl-Michael Winter of United Process Controls suggests that in the heat-treating world, Industry 4.0 might include smart sensors which “instead of raw signals, pass on already processed useful data, such as atmospheric parame- ters, to superimposed systems.” [2] Industry 4.0 will look different in each sector but most experts agree there are TABLE 1 – INDUSTRY 4.0 TECHNOLOGIES Product impact Potential IT/OT applications Physical to digital Sensors and controls Wearables Augmented reality Digital Signal aggregation Optimization and prediction Visualization and POU delivery Cognitive and high-performance computing Digital to physical Additive manufacturing Advanced materials Autonomous robots Digital design and simulation Source: Ref 1 widespread skills gaps that will need to be addressed. In its 2019 report, the World Manufacturing Forum suggests that human capital investments are critical for the success of organizations moving through these transitions [3] . In addition to digital literacy, skillsets such as AI and data analytics, creative problem solving, an entrepreneurial mindset, and an ability to deal with constant change are required for success in these new disruptive transformations. 2. K. Winter, “What You Need to Know About Industry 4.0 in Heat Treating – The Benefits and Challenges,” Proc. of the 30th ASM Heat Treating Society Conference, ASM International, 2019. 3.  2019 World Manufacturing Forum Report: Skills for the Future of Manu- facturing , Intelligent Manufacturing Systems, 2019.