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A D V A N C E D M A T E R I A L S & P R O C E S S E S | O C T O B E R 2 0 1 7 3 5 to bond loose soil particles forming a strong soil matrix. Autophototrophic microorganisms (e.g., cyanobacteria) is another case in which bacteria induces precipitation of CaCO 3 in water by con- suming dissolved CO 2 . A natural exam- ple of such a case on the eastern shore of Lake Clifton in Yalgorup Nation- al Park, Western Australia, is shown in Fig. 6. The MICP-based method is an en- vironmentally friendly, relatively inex- pensive ground improvement method, which can be used over a long period to reduce coastal erosion. Paassen et al. [19] showed the applicability of the process on a large, in-the-field environment. Similarly, biocement can be used to form natural dikes to serve as barriers against storm surges. ~AM&P Note: Part II of this article series will appear in the November/December is- sue, covering long-term approaches to mitigating climate change and sea lev- el rise. For more information: Arvind Agar- wal is associate dean for research and professor and director of the Advanced Materials Engineering Research Insti- tute at Florida International Universi- ty, 10555 W. Flagler St., EC 2441, Miami, FL 33174, 305.348.1701, agarwala@fiu. edu, www.fiu.edu. References 1. S. Hallegatte, et al., Future Flood Losses in Major Coastal Cities, Nat. Clim. Change , Vol 3, p 802-806, 2013. 2. P.A. Sørensen, et al., Anticorrosive Coatings: A Review, J. Coat. Technol. Res ., Vol 6, p 135-176, 2009. 3. L.D. Chambers, et al., Modern Approaches to Marine Antifouling Coatings, Surf. Coat. Technol. , Vol 201, p 3642-3652, 2006. 4. Y. Yao, P. Kodumuri, and S.-K. Young Lee, Performance Evaluation of One- Coat Systems for New Steel Bridges, FHWA-HRT-11-046, 2011. 5. H. Song and V. Saraswathy, Corrosion Monitoring of Reinforced Concrete Structures-A, Int. J. Electro- chem. Sci ., Vol 2, p 1-28, 2007. 6. I.R. Lasa, Cathodic Protection Practices in Florida, Southeast Bridge Preservation Partnership Mtg., San Antonio, 2016. 7. C. Hellio and D.M. Yebra, Advances in Marine Antifouling Coatings and Technologies , Woodhead Publishing, p 1-15, 2009. 8. K.M. Usher, et al., Critical Review: Microbially Influenced Corrosion of Buried Carbon Steel Pipes, Intl. Bio- deter. Biodegr. , Vol 93, p 84-106, 2014. 9. G. Jones, The Battle Against Ma- rine Biofouling: A Historical Review, (C. Hellio and D. Yebra, Eds.), Advances in Marine Antifouling Coatings and Tech- nologies , Woodhead Publishing, p 19- 45, 2009. 10. M. Wahl, K. Kröger, and M. Lenz, Non-Toxic Protection against Epibiosis, Biofouling , Vol 12, p 205-226, 1998. 11. M. Wahl, Marine Epibiosis, I, Fouling and Antifouling: Some Basic Aspects, Mar. Ecol. Prog. Ser. , p 175-189, 1989. 12. J.F. Vincent and D.L. Mann, Systematic Technology Transfer from Biology to Engineering, Philos. Trans. A. Math. Phys. Eng. Sci. , Vol 360, p 159-173, 2002. 13. J.T. Decker, et al., Engineered Antifouling Microtopographies: An Energetic Model That Predicts Cell Attachment, Langmuir , Vol 29, p 13023- 13030, 2013. 14. J.T. Decker, J.T. Sheats, and A.B. Brennan, Engineered Antifouling Microtopographies: Surface Pattern Effects on Cell Distribution, Langmuir , Vol 30, p 15212-15218, 2014. 15. J.F. Schumacher, et al., Engineered Antifouling Microtopographies–Effect of Feature Size, Geometry, and Rough- ness on Settlement of Zoospores of the Green Alga Ulva, Biofouling , Vol 23, p 55- 62, 2007. 16. Bachy-Soletanche, http://www. bachy-soletanche.com.hk. 17. Z. Wang, et al., Review of Ground Improvement Using Microbial Induced Carbonate Precipitation (MICP), Mar. Georesour. Geotechnol. , p 1-12, 2017. 18. L. Van Paassen, Biogrout, Ground Improvement by Microbial Induced Carbonate Precipitation, 2009. 19. L. Van Paassen, et al., Scale up of BioGrout: A Biological Ground Reinforcement Method, p 2328-2333, 2009. Fig. 6 — Formation of calcified stromatolites due to microbial-induced precipitation in Western Australia [18] .